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TemplesJanuary 24, 202512 min read

Somnath: The Temple That Refused to Die (Destroyed 17 Times, Still Standing)

The incredible story of Somnath Temple—destroyed by invaders 17 times over 1,000 years, yet rebuilt each time. A testament to unwavering faith.



Murudeshwara Shiva statue overlooking Arabian Sea Karnataka India

Somnath: The Temple That Refused to Die

On the western coast of Gujarat, where land meets the Arabian Sea, stands a temple that embodies perhaps the greatest story of resilience in human history.

Somnath Temple has been destroyed at least 17 times. And rebuilt 17 times.

Each time invaders reduced it to rubble, devotees raised it again. This isn't just a building—it's a 2,000-year lesson in the power of unwavering faith.


The First Jyotirlinga


📌Why Somnath?

Somnath is the first of the 12 Jyotirlingas—self-manifested forms of Lord Shiva. Legend says the moon god (Soma/Chandra) built the original temple in gold after being cured of a curse.

The name "Somnath" means "Lord of the Moon":

  • Soma = Moon (also the sacred plant)

  • Nath = Lord/Master
  • According to the Shiva Purana, Chandra (the Moon) was cursed by his father-in-law Daksha to wane eternally. After intense penance to Shiva at this spot, the curse was modified—the moon would wax and wane but never disappear completely.

    In gratitude, Chandra built a temple of gold. Later temples were built in silver by Ravana, in wood by Krishna, and in stone by Bhimadeva.


    The Destruction Timeline

    17+
    times destroyed by invaders
    1,000+
    years of attacks (1026 CE - present)
    8
    major reconstructions documented
    1951
    current temple completed

    The Major Invasions:

    1026 CE - Mahmud of Ghazni
    The most infamous attack. Mahmud's forces:

  • Killed 50,000+ defenders

  • Looted wealth estimated at 20 million dinars

  • Broke the Shiva lingam personally

  • Carried away the temple gates (legend says to his tomb)
  • 1297 CE - Alauddin Khalji's general Nusrat Khan
    Rebuilt temple destroyed again.

    1395 CE - Muzaffar Shah I (Gujarat Sultanate)
    Another destruction, this time by a local sultanate.

    1451 CE - Mahmud Begada
    Rebuilt temple demolished once more.

    1701 CE - Aurangzeb
    The Mughal emperor ordered its destruction despite Somnath being far from his power center.


    The 1947 Reconstruction

    "The Somnath Temple signifies that the power of creation is always greater than the power of destruction."
    — Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, 1947

    The story of the modern temple is itself remarkable:

    November 13, 1947: Just two months after Independence, Deputy Prime Minister Sardar Patel visited the ruins. Standing amid the rubble, he declared: "The Somnath Temple will be rebuilt."

    This was controversial:

  • India was officially secular

  • Gandhi advised against government involvement

  • The nation was dealing with Partition violence
  • Patel's solution: The temple would be rebuilt by a public trust, not the government. But he personally laid the foundation stone.

    May 11, 1951: President Rajendra Prasad installed the new Jyotirlinga—despite Nehru's opposition to a president attending a religious ceremony.

    The temple was designed by Prabhaschandra Mistry in the Chalukya style of temple architecture.


    Why This Location?

    The geography of Somnath is significant:

    The Arrow of Rama

    A pillar in the temple compound claims that from this point, there is no land between you and Antarctica. The inscription reads:

    "This is the point at which the first beam of the sun crosses to the southernmost tip of the earth."

    While not literally accurate, it captures an ancient understanding of geography—the temple sits at India's westernmost pilgrimage point.

    Triveni Sangam

    Three rivers meet here:

  • Hiranya (gold-colored)

  • Kapila

  • Saraswati (mythical)
  • River confluences are sacred in Hinduism, making this a natural pilgrimage site.

    Ocean Energy

    The temple faces the Arabian Sea. The prana pratishthan (energy installation) is said to be amplified by:

  • Oceanic electromagnetic fields

  • Tidal energy patterns

  • The "edge of land" liminal quality

  • Architectural Marvels

    The current temple showcases several remarkable features:

    The Shikara (Spire)

  • 155 feet tall

  • Built without steel supports

  • Traditional Nagara style

  • Stone from Girnar quarries (50 km away)
  • The Arrow of Shiva

    A memorial column with Sanskrit inscription:

    "From this point, there is only sea until Antarctica. There is no land in between."

    This represents ancient Indian maritime knowledge.

    The Sound Architecture

    The temple is designed so that:

  • Mantras resonate at specific frequencies

  • The sanctum amplifies vibrations

  • Ocean sounds merge with temple bells

  • The Lingam Mystery


    📌Was It Really Hollow?

    Arab chroniclers claimed the original Somnath lingam was hollow and contained immense treasure. Some historians believe it may have been a meteorite—a "sky stone" worshipped since prehistoric times.

    Multiple theories about the original lingam:

  • The Meteorite Theory: Natural Shiva lingams were often meteorites (like the one at Mecca). Their unusual composition made them "divine."
  • The Magnetic Theory: Some accounts describe the lingam floating in air—possibly achieved through magnetic levitation using lodestone architecture.
  • The Treasure Theory: Arab accounts describe hollow chambers filled with diamonds. While exaggerated, major temples did store royal treasures.

  • What Mahmud Actually Found

    Historical records from Al-Biruni and other chroniclers suggest:

  • 1,000+ Brahmins performed daily rituals

  • 350 dancers and musicians employed full-time

  • 300 barbers shaved pilgrims' heads

  • The temple received income from 10,000 villages

  • Fresh Ganges water was brought daily from 1,500 km away
  • The wealth was so legendary that "Somnath's riches" became a proverb across the medieval Islamic world.


    Visiting Somnath Today

    What to Experience

  • Evening Aarti (7 PM): One of the most powerful experiences in India

  • Sound & Light Show (8 PM): History of the temple narrated

  • Bhalka Tirth (5 km): Where Krishna left his mortal body

  • Triveni Ghat: Where three rivers meet the sea

  • Old Temple Remains: See what survived the destructions
  • Best Mantra to Chant

    The Shiva Panchakshari Mantra:

    ॐ नमः शिवाय

    Om Namah Shivaya—"I bow to Shiva"

    This simple yet powerful mantra is chanted by millions at Somnath.

    Practical Information

  • Location: Veraval, Gujarat (400 km from Ahmedabad)

  • Best Time: October to March

  • Temple Hours: 6 AM - 9 PM

  • Dress Code: Modest clothing, head covering for women

  • Entry: Free (donations accepted)

  • The Deeper Teaching

    🎯 Key Takeaways

    • Somnath is the first of 12 Jyotirlingas—self-manifested forms of Shiva
    • The temple was destroyed 17+ times over 1,000 years
    • Each destruction was followed by reconstruction by devotees
    • Sardar Patel championed the 1947 rebuilding as independent India's first major temple project
    • The location marks India's westernmost pilgrimage point at a sacred river confluence
    • The temple's survival represents the Hindu philosophy that creation always triumphs over destruction

    Somnath teaches that:

    Faith is not passive. It required thousands of people to rebuild, again and again.

    Memory persists. Even when the structure was gone, people remembered what stood there.

    Creation outlasts destruction. Mahmud is a footnote. Somnath still stands.


    Experience the Mantras of Somnath

    The same Sanskrit mantras chanted at Somnath for over 2,000 years are still alive today. Learn to pronounce them correctly with Vedic Voice's AI-powered pronunciation guide—connecting your practice to an unbroken chain of devotion.


    Sources

  • Thapar, Romila. "Somanatha: The Many Voices of a History" (Penguin)

  • Al-Biruni's historical accounts (translated)

  • Archaeological Survey of India documentation

  • Somnath Temple Trust official records

  • Somnath Temple - Official Website

  • Practice What You've Learned

    Get AI-powered pronunciation feedback on mantras like Gayatri, Om Namah Shivaya, and more.

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